The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the common name of a group of viruses that cause a variety of diseases. Known more than 100 types. The pathogen is spread all over the world. To avoid infection, it is important to know how to transmit the human papilloma virus.
What is the HPV infection?
HPV infection – a group of viral diseases, and generates the papilloma virus. At the time, studied and described over 100 types of viruses. Scientists have for a long time have studied the morphology of the pathogen, which has allowed us to determine which types of viruses, which diseases they cause. Was separately assigned to a group of high-risk HPV onco.
In view of the fact that HPV primarily affects the sex of the system, a lot of attention to the study of problems of pay gynecologists. To tell what is HPV in gynecology, it is necessary to emphasize a high risk of developing cancer of the neck of the uterus. The experts have established that this virus, more precisely, the 16 ° and the 18 ° it types result in the development of cancer process in the female reproductive system.
HPV – modes of transmission and contagion
The papilloma virus is known for its resistance to environmental factors, so long time can keep the business in the external environment. This explains the ability of the pathogen to a wide spread. However, directly the transmission of HPV droplets does not occur. Talk about how you transmit the virus, papilloma virus from person to person, the doctors indicate the required presence of a direct contact with the skin and mucous membranes carrier of the virus.
The transmission path of HPV infection are multiple:
- sexual;
- contacts-family;
- vertical.
The most common way of transmission of HPV
Having never heard of this type of pathogen, the patients are often affected by a doctor if the virus is being transmitted human papillomavirus a sexually. The doctors emphasize that this method is the most common. According to statistics, about 70% of the people who lead an active sex life, are carriers of the virus of the papilloma. When this infection can occur repeatedly throughout life.
The majority of women and men to contract HPV after a few months of the beginning of an active sex life. It is worth remembering that often the HPV refers to infection with sexually transmitted diseases, however, infection is possible, and during sex without penetration. Contact with the genital organs a carrier of the virus can lead to infections.
The doctors call it, and the routes of infection from HPV:
- with a kiss;
- oral sex.
HPV – infection methods in everyday life
Some infectious diseases highlight the family a path of transmission of HPV. The percentage of spread of the virus in this small way, however, it is not possible to completely exclude this possibility. Virus little bit of time can save the task, once in the pool, steam room, and then infection is possible and in public areas.
The infection in your daily life occurs when you kiss, use of tools and personal hygiene affected HPV. In these cases, increase the risk of infection:
- the weakening of the immune system;
- the violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
The risk of HPV infection
The probability of HPV infection increases dramatically with the beginning of sexual life. This route of transmission is considered as the main. When this experts highlight a number of factors, the presence of which in a couple of times increases the risk of infection:
- the beginning of sexual life;
- frequent changes of sexual partners;
- the abandonment of means of contraception.
Separately, it is necessary to say about the possibility of infection in the pediatric age group. In most cases, HPV is transmitted to the baby from the mother during childbirth. During the promotion of generic paths occurs in the infection of the child. Children are easier to tolerate the infection, they practically did not manifest itself. Also, thanks to together with the breast milk ready antibodies observed spontaneous healing.
How is the HPV infection?
Infection with HPV occurs by direct contact of the mucous membranes, the skin of the genitals. During sexual intercourse, most often occurring of cracks and lesions of the mucous membranes, which only increases the risk of contracting HPV. While there are some differences in the mechanisms of transmission of the virus in men and women.
As we pass on the human papilloma virus male?
The chance of contracting HPV in men is directly dependent on the number of permanent sexual partners. Frequent promiscuity multiple times will increase the likelihood of infection. At the same time, the man in most cases does not suspect the presence of the HPV virus in the body. The result is the spread of the virus above. In 90% of cases of sexual intercourse occurs the infection with a female partner, that before was completely healed.
As is transmitted to a woman human papilloma virus?
Routes of HPV infection in women are not different from those that are characteristic for men. In the first place, it is worth sexual. However, the risk of infection in women is rising and some of the factors.
Among these gynecologists are:
- the beginning of sexual life;
- frequent changes of sexual partners;
- the possession of an abortion;
- traumatic birth history;
- gynaecological diseases;
- the stress;
- the long-term use of oral contraceptives.
Transmitted to the child of the human papilloma virus?
Knowing of the presence of HPV in the body, women who plan a pregnancy in the near future, wonder if the virus is transmitted papilloma viruses from mother to child. Experts argue that the risk of infection for the baby is there. However, children rarely celebrated the HPV, ways of infection are different from those of adults. The transmission of infection often occurs at the stage of promotion of the fetus to the channel modes: the virus with the mucous membrane of the mother passes to the baby.
It is worth remembering that the danger from this kind of infection is low. In most cases, the body of a child is able to get rid of the HPV in the first 2-3 months of life. This is due to enter an infant's body antibodies along with the breast milk. The main risk for the HPV to children is that of defeat of the respiratory tract – appearance of polyps. These cases are rare and are treated more like exceptions.
HPV – how it manifests itself after the infection?
After learning about how to transmit the human papilloma virus, many patients will affect the time of onset of the first symptoms. The doctors can't say unequivocally, how quickly it manifests itself after the HPV infection.
The following factors are critical:
- the age of the patient;
- the presence of chronic inflammatory processes in the body;
- the state of the immune system.
In practice, the timing of clinical HPV are different. The appearance of genital warts, changes in the direction of the cells can be observed as after a couple of weeks and months. In some cases, the first defeats in the skin in the groin area and genitals found after a year, after being hit by a papilloma virus in the body. To determine the exact time to hit the HPV in the body is possible on the basis of laboratory tests.
Symptoms of HPV infection
The symptoms of HPV infection occur genital lesions. In the majority of cases, the virus causes characteristic skin defeats. Patients close to the appearance of warts usually genital warts. Data externally cytoplasmic resemble the cauliflower, then mix with other skin manifestations difficult to.
In women with papillary growth of a pale pink, they are located:
- in the sector of small lips;
- in the groin;
- on the clitoris;
- near the external opening of the urethra;
- on the eve of the vagina.
In some cases, the warts that form in the area of the anus, if a woman engage in anal sex. The strong growth of such formations leads to the appearance of bleeding, pain during sexual intercourse. Men such formulations are located in the area of the pubis, the groin, at least – on the surface of the penis.
Vaccination against HPV after infection
Also who knows how to transmit the human papilloma virus, is not always able to avoid the infection. After going through the treatment, to avoid the HPV infection, preventing the development of recurrence, doctors make the vaccination against the papilloma virus. Vaccinations experience the development of a viral infection in the course of 15 years and more.